Airline Safety Essays - Aircraft Maintenance, Aviation Safety

Airline Safety Airline Safety Many people travel by airplane all around the world. For some people it is the only way they can get to where they are going. On a daily basis, averages of 28 to 30,000 seats are filled on airplanes (Bear, Stearns Co. URL www.hotelonline.com). At each airport, there are hundreds of arrivals and departures worldwide. Even though airline officials say flying is safe, accidents kill many people because airlines neglect to prevent human error or repair faulty equipment. Sometimes I think the only reason an airplane could crash is if something on the plane were to break. However, most of the time that is not the case. A survey conducted by Boeing found that flight crews were responsible for at least seventy-three percent of all fatal airplane accidents. (Gray 17). Forty-one percent of these accidents occurred during landing because of unstable approaches. Also an investigation by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration on the causes of airline accidents revealed that more than eighty percent of all airline accidents involved some degree of human error (Helmreich 62). This is very alarming when people are putting their lives in the hands of flight crews. Forty-four passengers died aboard a new British Midland 737 after its crew shut down the wrong engine after the other one malfunctioned (Greenwald 40). Do you really think that flying on an airplane, over which you have absolutely no control is very safe? Reasons for flight crew error can be explained by the conditions under which they are flying. Flight crew fatigue is a largely increasing problem on many of the jumbo jet flights today. Although there are laws that prohibit cockpit crews from sleeping in flight, there have been many weary pilots that have been known to nod off on occasion during some of their seventeen hour, non-stop flights (Urquhart 15). Perhaps laws should regulate the number of hours a flight crew is in the air instead of prohibiting sleep in flight. Another condition, alcohol abuse, has been found to inhibit the abilities of some flight crews. A northwest crew flying from North Dakota to Minnesota was found to be intoxicated on the job (Air Safety 61). Some people refuse to drive at night because of the number of drunk drivers on the road. Would passengers want a drunken pilot to be responsible for their lives while 20,000 feet up in the air? Another reason for flight crew error is pressure to meet flight time schedules. Some of these flights take place during hazardous weather conditions. When I was younger, I saw an airplane crash at the St. Louis Airport after the pilot was ordered to take off even though the plane had ice on its wings. The airplane skidded off the runway because the pilot could not control the steering mechanisms on the icy runway. Other incidents have occurred solely because of bad weather and an urgency to stay on schedule. When flight 803 came in to land at Tripoli, the pilot decided to land the plane even though a dense fog covered the runway. One hour earlier a Soviet jet scheduled to land at the same airport detoured to another to avoid the fog. There were no mechanical malfunctions of the plane; however, it missed the runway by more than a mile, cartwheeled, and slammed into two farmhouses (New Qualms 20). Another accident, which killed most of the passengers on board, occurred when an Air Flor ida Boeing 737 crashed into the Potomac River near Washington, D.C. in 1982. The speed gage for take off was covered with ice which caused the takeoff acceleration to be miscalculated (Helmreich 62). The most avoidable reason for an airplane to crash is faulty equipment that could have been repaired or replaced. A cargo door and part of the outer layer covering tore away from a nineteen year old Boeing 747 shortly after leaving Hawaii, sucking nine people out of the plane and sending them to their deaths over 20,000 feet to the sea (Greenwald 40). Investigators determined that the cause of this disaster was a single faulty door lock. This insignificant door lock could have been replaced many times so that such a disaster and loss of life

Psych Drugs And Dreams Essay

Psych Drugs And Dreams Essay Psych Drugs And Dreams Essay Hang Ma AP Psych Mrs. Lawson 9 March 2015 Mini Unit: Dreams 1. In all of the dreams, the theme is abandonment, because she is deserted by her friends and left alone, stood up by her mother on prom night, left by her favorite teacher Mr. Stevens, and scared by her older self. It relates to her life in that she has no male friends, that she lives with her mother but not her father, and that she likes to be the center of attention. 2.Displacement happens in dreams #1 and 3, Mr. Steven and her friends represent someone who left her in her fact. In the second dream, she has a wish fulfillment of striking her the strange man for revenge. In dream #4, a condensation appears in the form of her face on an older man’s body but the face looks 40 years older and evil. 3. I believe that Debbie is suffering from unresolved issues because of her father’s abandonment. Dream #1 resembles her memory as a younger child, sitting in the middle of her room crying because her parents are not there for her. Because of this, Debbie is afraid of having male friends and fears that they will leave her. Also, her dream of Mr. Stevens leaving her and her resulting calls for him stem from her past cries for her father. Dreaming about the man with an evil version of her own face suggests that she is angry at her father, because she crushes a Coke can afterward. In addition, Debbie’s anger is further supported by her striking of the man in dream #2. Long-Term Effects of Drugs on the Brain 1. After a period of time, drugs can trigger the amygdala and cause urges. The most startling way drugs can change the brain is their ability to destroy neurons, though a close competitor would be their potential for slowing down brain activity. 2. The brain builds tolerance to eliminate it more effectively, which in turn leads to taking greater amounts of a drug. 3. Drugs that kill neurons can decrease the plasticity of the brain because the neurons then are not present to form new connections and existing connections are lost as a result. 4. The problems scientists could have include: The brain’s complexity, the tendency of drug abusers to abuse more than one drug, and the health

Tarrifs and Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tarrifs and Trade - Essay Example Thus, the overall effect of a tariff implemented by a small nation must reduce the national welfare (Nunn & Trefler, 2010). Thus, whenever a small country will implement the tariff, the national welfare is bound to fall, and the higher the tariff will be set, the more the loss will be experienced and consumers will lose as government recipients and producers spending gain. In a large country, consumers of the good suffer from the price increase, as the producers will experience a well-being increase from the tariff. Thus, the tariff net effect is composed of three major results that are a negative distortion in production, positive trade effect terms as well as a negative consumption distortion. Thus, there are both positive and negative elements as the effect can be either negative or positive. However, the overall result is that it can be positive implying that a tariff that is implemented by a large nation may increase the national welfare (Debaere & Mostashari, 2010). Unlike quotas, tariffs are important as they generate the government some revenue. The US according to statistics collects over 20 billion a year from revenue from tariff that could be lost with quotas (Motoshige Itoh & Yoshiyasu Ono, 1982). Another reason is that quotas may result in administrative corruption. Tariffs provide customs officials with authority and power providing access to favored organizations and denying the lesser-favored ones as opposed to import quotas. Moreover, import quotas have a high probability of causing smuggling especially when set at unreasonable values (Grant, Hertel, & Rutherford, 2009). A strong dollar is good while, on the other hand, weak is bad. As the generalization sounds simple, it is very different and confusing when it comes to the dollar. A strong dollar is very strong when compared to other foreign currency, and the vice-versa is

Destination marketing strategy- patagonia Essay

Destination marketing strategy- patagonia - Essay Example in the previous assignment, however the hard adventure segment has shown promising growth over the past 5 years in a global perspective (Adventure Travel Trade Association, 2013). This makes Patagonia a lucrative business proposition for tourism companies. The customers who are considered as the hard adventurers are mostly looking for challenging tours in places with hostile environment. Such people will strong appetite for adventures will get strongly attracted to Patagonia, owing to its extremely cold environment (U.S. Commercial Service, 2012). Despite of the strong potential of Patagonia as a destination place, there are significant issues with the location. The TWOS matrix conducted in the assignment presentation clearly indicates towards the issues with the health and safety concerns owing to the poor regulations. Moreover, in Patagonia high quality accommodation cannot be expected and at the same time language problem is always a problem. However, while targeting at the hard adventurers, these issues may not pose as drastic challenges as it might to the soft adventurers. This is mostly because the hard adventurers more attracted towards challenging situations. Thus it can be stated that Patagonia can be a potential tourist destination for hard adventurers. This section focuses on the strategies that are appropriate for attracting the target customers. The target customers selected for the Patagonia tourism are the hard adventurers. Before designing any strategies for attracting the target customers, it is imperative to have detailed discussion regarding the behavioural and psychological aspects of the customers (World Tourism Organization, 2007). The global tourism can be divided in to two definite segments, one is for the soft adventurers and the other is for the hard adventurers. The soft adventurers include average tourist who are enthusiastic to see new places and gain new experiences about a particular region and its culture. These individuals usually

Philosophy and the Future Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy and the Future - Assignment Example The last theory that he put forward was that a person should accept the fact of absurdism and in this way, he would lead a better life. The reason behind this is that a person knows that life has no meaning and in that way, he would live his life to the fullest. Absurdism is one philosophy which actually denies a proper meaning to life. Many philosophers have argued against this. If absurdism is a belief that is universally accepted then it can be argued that the meaning of philosophy itself is nothing because since life has no purpose then why should one actually assess its outcome and search for a way of living. Not believing in life would actually mean not believing in one’s own existence. A logical explanation to the meaning of life is essential and it must be considered. The meaning of life is one thing that a person must analyze so that he understands his own existence. It is something that a person derives from learning and knowledge. Absurdism is actually an easy way out that a person discovers when he denies his search of life. Absurdism is actually living a life of self-denial. Meaning of life can be understood on the basis of religion as is accepted by many. It can also be based upon the principles of utilitarianism which i ndicates that the purpose of leading a normal life is dependant upon the principle of happiness which indicates that a person performs those acts which would bring about the maximum happiness. Religion and utilitarianism teach a person about his own existence, about the purpose of life and the creation of a happy and healthy world. Human beings are finite beings. Despite that many philosophers have put forward the theory about the existence of God who as explained is an infinite, Supreme Being. This means that human beings definitely have the power to consider and examine the infinite being.  

Data Security Policy Analysis

Data Security Policy Analysis Dylan Mc Grath   The reason for having a policy: The reason for having the policy is so that the workers at ACME LEARNING Ltd know what to do when they are assessing the personal data of the customers and how they will use the data. A Brief explanation of the companys obligations under the law: There is one main legislation which the company has to obligate by it is called the Data Protection Act 1998 which was also amended in 2003. It was created for when personal details are given to a company they have to keep the details and they cannot be given to anyone outside of the company. Every person who has given their details to the company can request a copy of their information that the company has. The company must send the person their details within 40 days. They can also have their name removed from any marketing list. They could also make a complaint to the data commissioner if the company is not adhering to the Protection Acts rules. A person can claim compensation if they suffer when the company uses their data in a wrong way. Who is effected by how the company uses and stores data? The people that are effected by this are: Teachers and Staff who work for ACME LEARNING Ltd Management Students The Data that is stored about them is: Credit Card/ Bank Details Birth Dates Contact details Name Address Email Gender PPS Numbers Suppliers information Why the data is used by ACME LEARNING Ltd: For advertising and marketing purposes. To have a database of a persons information. For payroll and pension administration To make the names and addresses of people are correct. To stop fraud and money laundering For record keeping What Specific Threats does AMCEs data have? Malware: Malware is software that can harm a computer and can slow down performance. Hacking: Getting into a computer authorized or unauthorized without wanting to cause any damage. Weather Conditons and Fires: data can lost by storms, earthquakes and floods.   Fires can also be started by accident when the server room is too hot. When these weather conditions and fires happen the server rooms can be completely destroyed. Adware: Software that can monitor the users online activities so that the person can be targeted by advertisements. Disgruntled employees Spyware Accidents Theft Human Error Copying data onto storage devices. Trojans Roles and Responsibilities: Data Controller ACME LEARNING Ltd must appoint a Data Controller who is there to deal with the data which is about their customers on a computer and also in a filing cabinet. The Data Controller must: 1: Obtain and process the information fairly. 2: Keep it only for what is it was needed for. 3: Use it for and it should only be given out for a specified purpose. 4: It must be kept safe and secured. 5: The information must be kept up to date and correct. 6: Make sure the data is adequate, relevant and not excessive. 7: It must not be kept for any longer than it is needed for. 8: Give a copy of his/her personal data on their request. Every Employee that works for ACME LEARNING LTD has to be given training on how to use and handle the data. Rules for:1. Data storage: Data on hard drives cannot be deleted. The data has to be stored on the network drive where the I.T department can back it up when they need to. Data that is on paper has to be kept in a safe place. Data has to be protected by strong passwords. All data has to be stored on the server and data has to in a safe location. The Data Controller and only the people who need to access the data are allowed to look at it. Servers and computers that have data have to be protected by a firewall and security software. Data on CDs or DVDs has to be locked away. The servers have to have different sites in case one site goes offline. Data should not be saved on laptops or other mobile devices. There will be two different databases for both staff and students information. The data cannot be stored locally have it in a place where it can be backed up every night. Data has to be backed up every night. The usb ports on all the machines have to be disabled. Every computer in the building has to be rebooted every night at a certain time. There are two databases one for staff and the other for students information. Users have to logout of their computer to make the data stays safe. The person that looks at the data should be able to see the quantity of the data and the duplication. 2. Data use When looking at data on a computer all employees must have their computer locked when they are away from their desk. Employees cannot make a duplicate of any data on a file. When data is being transferred electronically it has to be encrypted. 3. Data accuracy: ACME Learning LTD must keep the data up to date and accurate. Data that is inaccurate should be updated to the correct data by someone that is allowed to edit the data. There are staff that are allowed to edit the data and other staff who are only allowed to read the data. 4. Data access requests: The Data Protection Act lets a person find out if ACME LEARNING Ltd has any information that relates to them. The person has to either fill out a form or write a letter to the company asking for their information. The person has to include identification so that the company knows that they are giving the data to the right person. The person is entitled to: A copy of the data. A description of the use for which it is held. A description of those to whom the data may be shown to. The source of the data. The person may have to pay a fee to access their information which cannot exceed â‚ ¬6.35. The person has to be contacted within 40 days with their data or be told that the company does not have any data about them. 5. Data Disposal: ACME LEARENING LTD will keep the data it has for employees for seven years only if it is financial. ACME LEARENING will keep the students data for three years. If a student has ticked a box to say that they want ACME LEARENING LTD to keep their exam results then ACME LEARENING LTD has to keep the students exam results for a certain number of years. If data is on paper it has to be thrown into a waste bin. It must also be recycled. The paper can also be shredded so that the data on the paper will be destroyed. An incinerator can be used to burn the paper to destroy it so no one can recover any of the data on the sheets. Hard Drive Disposal: At the time the hard drives need replacing an employee must carry out the procedures that need to be done. The procedures are to overwrite a hard drive, get the hard drive destroyed by paying a company that deals with destroying hard drives the right way so that the data is safe from being seen by a person that wants to use it for gaining money. The hard drive can also be degaussed. This removes all the data from the hard drive. Degaussing destroys the magnetic fields on the hard drive. It completely makes the hard drive in tiny pieces so that it cannot ever be used again. Overwriting the data using a program puts binary numbers onto the hard drive. It should be done at least three times to be successful. Tape Media Disposal: The data on the tapes can be overwritten. They can also be incinerated this method will completely destroy the tape. This method will pollute the air.   The data on the tapes can be degaussed. The company can get someone to come in and do it to witness that the tape has been degaussed properly.

Virus, Worms and Hackers :: Computers Technology Essays

Virus, Worms and Hackers Computer viruses were first widely seen in the late 1980s. They were caused due to several reasons. The first factor was rapid growth of personal computers. Before this decade personal computers were not seen in many houses. They only computers used were expert computers which were locked in laboratories around the world. During the 1980’s Computers started to sell to several smaller business’s and homes after the release of the IBM PC in 1982 [1]. After its launch, personal computers slowly started spreading to businesses, homes and universities around the world. The second reason was bulletin boards where users could dial up a bulletin board with a modem and download different programs [2]. The most popular programs were games. Users also downloaded simple word processors and spreadsheets. Bulletin boards led to the precursor of the virus which is know today as the Trojan horse. Trojan horse is a program which can trick the user in to downloading it. This can be done very easily changing the name of the file. When a Trojan program is downloaded on a local computer it can do a lot of harm to it. It can potentially erase all the contents of the hard disk on the computer. Trojan horses hit a small number of people because they are discovered easily. Either the bulletin board would erase the file from the system or the people would send out messages to warn one another. The third reason was growth of floppy disks. Many programs could fit into a single floppy disk. Most computers did have hard disks so computers would just load everything off the floppy when switched on including the operating system. Computer viruses can be very mysterious and grab our attention. Viruses can show us how vulnerable we are to attacks. A well engineered virus can have a very harmful effect on the internet. An example of this is the worms we have seen in the last few years. MyDoom worm which infected a quarter million computers in a single shook the whole internet community. In March 1999 the Mellisa virus was so powerful, it forced many large companies including Microsoft to completely turn off their email systems until the virus could be contained. The ILOVEYOU worm in 2000 had a similar effect. The most astonishing thing is that these worms were very simple in their implementation. Worms usually exploit some sort of security hole in a piece of software or operating system.

Comparative Paper on the Princess Bride and Copper Sun Essay

Even though the two heros in Princess Bride and Copper Sun have many similarities, they also have an abundance of differences. Amari is the protagonist of the book Copper Sun, which talks about her life as an abused slave. Wesley is the lead character of the movie Princess Bride; in the movie, he leaves his beloved Buttercup to make enough money to support them and has to come save her when she is about to marry Humperdinck, the prince and the man she does not love. These two stories may seem completely different but they have more in common than what meets the eye. Both Amari and Wesley survive their quests with determination and they fight for what they believe is important. A good example of when Amari shows determination is when she comes upon a river that lies between her and freedom, â€Å"We come too far to stop now† (Draper 84%). She is so close to her goal she is unwilling to stop now just like when Wesley is on the verge of death and he still forces himself to get up and fight for Buttercup, â€Å"I told you I would always come for you† (The Princess Bride). However, they have multiple differences, one of which is how Amari is not afraid to show emotion and Wesley’s emotion is in absence when he is the Man in Black. Both protagonists are very comfortable and secure in their hometowns, but they are both briskly ripped away from their comfort zone when they are obligated to start their quests. Amari lives in a relatively poor area of Africa and Westley lives on a farm in his medieval universe. These courageous heroes must find their way through a dangerous quest; their journeys have similarities and differences but the importance is what compels them to complete their quest. Amari and Westley’s heart and soul was shaped by this quest. The scars left behind by the quest will not heal and the memories will be burning in the back of their minds forever. Both of these strong willed characters went through impossibly difficult conditions and tests to accomplish their goal. Just in the beginning of the story, Amari has endured a gr eat deal of pain; she has been stripped from her village and family and the white men have treated her horribly, â€Å"This day she wanted to die† (Draper 2%). Another example is when Amari is reminded of her past and all she has left in her is shame this proves that not only has she gone through horrible memories but all that will never be forgotten. Wesley has started this quest with his own choice. Amari was taken abruptly and unlike Wesley. In conclusion they had their own reasons to start their incredible journeys. Risking your life just to find the lost is not something you do without motivation. Both of these exciting heroes have found themselves in the need to find either their lost true love or their perished freedom. Throughout these intriguing stories both Amari and Wesley have fought for what they thought deserved a battle. Wesley has swung his sword and punched his enemies and now he has finally came to the point where he has found Buttercup, â€Å"I told you I would always come for you† (The Princess Bride). Wesley is reassuring buttercup that no matter the risks he will always come, fight for her and that she is his mo tivation to put his life on the line. â€Å"You know, certain people are chosen to survive. I don’t know why, but you are one of those who must remember the past and tell those yet unborn. You must live† (Draper 13%). Motivation is the force that pushes and pushes the characters to continue with strength and this force is prominent in both Amari and Wesley. These quests have a rope slowly burning but finally the rope has come to an end and all that is left are the ashes. In the burning village that Amari used to call home, she had friends and family but once she was left to live and serve at the Derby farm she thought a friendship would never be something she could achieve. After a long time spent at the Derby farm, Amari and Polly have now realized that their lives are stringed together from then on. This came to a shock as Polly and Amari try to hide the fact that Mrs. Derby has had an affair with a slave situated at the farm as well, â€Å"She realized then how deeply her life was entangle with those of the slaves she had once so despised† (Draper 51% ). Polly has been with Amari through one of the worst and unpleasant journeys a character could have gone through, Polly no longer judges Amari by her skin nor does Polly think of slaves as filthy animals. Wesley has always had Buttercup’s love and even after his quest he still has her love, compared to Amari that no longer has Besa or his love. Wesley is trying to explain to Buttercup that their love is unbreakable, â€Å"Do you think this happens every day† (The Princess Bride). Amari had once eternal love but all was stripped away from her with every slash of the whip and every unbearable night spent with disgusting men. Many dangers and obstacles have been in the characters paths but now they survive with all that is left, the effects, results and memories. If the lost had never been misplaced then there would be no found or any quests. A quest starts with a loss of any sort, in this particular case it was freedom and love. Amari was just the matchstick that started the fire from within Polly and that lead to the roads made of gold in Fort Mose. Wesley just had to find Buttercup to keep his fire going. However, they all went through inexplicable danger and horror but all this just started as a quest to find what they thought was needed. Works Cited Draper, Sharon M. Copper Sun. Illus. Sonia Chaghatzbanian. First Simon Pulse Edition January 2008 ed. New York: Simon Pulse, 2008. Kindle File. Hobbs, Will. Crossing the Wire. Illus. Vince Natale and Hilary Zarycky. New York: HarperCollins e-books, 2009. Kindle File.

rochester castle essays

rochester castle essays Was Rochester Castle an Important Military Site in the Middle Ages Rochester Castle was built in 1088, by the Bishop of Rochester - Gundulf. It was known that the Bishop owed the King - King William Rufus, a sum of 100. To settle the dispute the King ordered Gundulf to build a motte and bailey castle at Rochester. Th cost was 60, and the money came from Gundulf. The structure of the castle consisted simply of a single stone wall. In 1122, a square stone keep was built inside the bailey, by John of Worcester. In 1230 a cross wall was built. It divided the Bailey into two parts - the outer bailey and the inner bailey. This information was extracted from the Textus Roffensis - Register of Rochester castle. During it's existence, Rochester Castle was sieged three times. Once in 1088, then 1215 and finally in 1264. The siege in 1088 was against King William II, as his brother, Robert and his uncle, Odo, wanted to overthrow him and place Robert on the throne. The plan failed and Robert remained king. The siege in 1215 was against King John because he refused the nomination of Simon Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury. Langton became Archbishop, and was appointed to 'look after the castle', but the king asked for it to be returned himself as the agreement to which this adhered to had expired. Langton refused the order and so a siege took place. According to Roger of Wendover, the king undermined the east tower and set fire to it. This shows that the King valued the castle a lot as he was prepared to fight for it. In 1264 another siege occurred. There was a civil war between he king and his subjects, so they capture Rochester Castle. However when they heard that the king was returning to Rochester accompanied by his son, they abandoned the siege and fled. I think that the reason for the abandonment of the siege was that they did not think that they had a chance against the king and his son. From each of these sie...

Programming SQLite in C Tutorial Two

Programming SQLite in C Tutorial Two This tutorial is the second in a series on programming SQLite in C. SQLite stores a collection of tables in a single file database, usually ending in .db. Each table is like a spreadsheet, it consists of a number of columns and each row has values. If it helps, think of each row as being a struct, with the columns in the table corresponding to the  fields in the struct. A table can have as many rows as will fit on a disk. There is an upper limit but its huge 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 to be precise. A table can have up to 2,000 columns or if you recompile the source, you can max it to an awesome 32,767 columns. The SQLite API To use SQLite, we need to make calls to the API. You can find an introduction to this API on the official Introduction to SQLite C/C Interface web page. Its a collection of functions and easy to use. First, we need a handle to the database. This is of type sqlite3 and is returned by a call to sqlite3_open( filename, **ppDB). After that, we execute the SQL. Lets have a slight digression first though and create a usable database and some tables using SQLiteSpy. (See the previous tutorial for links to that and the SQLite Database Browser). Events and Venues The database about.DB will hold three tables to manage events at several venues. These events will be parties, discos, and concerts and will take place at five venues (alpha, beta, charlie, delta, and echo). When you are modeling something like this, it often helps to start with a spreadsheet. For simplicities sake, Ill just store a date not a time. The spreadsheet has three columns: Dates, Venue, Event Type and about ten events like this. Dates run from 21st to 30th of June 2013. Now SQLite has no explicit date type, so its easier and faster to store it as an int and the same way that Excel uses dates (days since Jan 1, 1900) have int values 41446 to 41455. If you put the dates in a spreadsheet then format the date column as a number with 0 decimal places, it looks something like this: Now we could store this data in one table and for such a simple example, it would probably be acceptable. However good database design practice requires some normalization. Unique data items like venue type should be in its own table and the event types (party etc) should also be in one. Finally, as we can have multiple event types at multiple venues, ( a many to many relationship) we need a third table to hold these. The three tables are: venues - holds all five venueseventtypes - holds all three event typesevents - holds the date plus venue id plus event type id. I also added a description field for this event eg Jims Birthday. The first two tables hold the data types so venues have names alpha to echo. Ive added an integer id as well and created an index for that. With the small numbers of venues (5) and event types (3), it could be done without an index, but with larger tables, it will get very slow. So any column that is likely to be searched on, add an index, preferably integer The SQL to create this is: The index on the events table has date, id-event, the event type, and venue. That means we can query the event table for all events on a date, all events at a venue,all parties etc and combinations of those such as all parties at a venue etc. After running the SQL create table queries, the three tables are created. Note Ive put all that sql in the text file create.sql and it includes data for populating some of the three tables. If you put ; on the end of the lines as Ive done in create.sql then you can batch and execute all the commands in one go. Without the ; you have to run each one by itself. In SQLiteSpy, just click F9 to run everything. Ive also included sql to drop all three tables inside multi-line comments using /* .. */ same as in C. Just select the three lines and do ctrl F9 to execute the selected text. These commands insert  the five venues: Again Ive included commented out text to empty tables, with the delete from lines. Theres no undo so be careful with these! Amazingly, with all the data loaded (admittedly not much) the entire database file on disk is only 7KB. Event Data Rather than build up a bunch of ten insert statements, I used Excel to create a .csv file for the event data and then used the SQLite3 command line utility (that comes with SQLite) and the following commands to import it. Note: Any line with a period (.) prefix is a command. Use .help to view all commands. To run SQL just type it in with no period prefix. You have to use double blackslashes \\ in the import path for each folder. Only do the last line after the .import has succeeded. When SQLite3 runs the default separator is a : so it has to be changed to a comma before the import. Back to the Code Now we have a fully populated database, lets write the C code to run this SQL query which returns a list of parties, with description, dates and venues. New to SQL? Read What is SQL? This does a join using the idvenue column between the events and venues table so we get the name of the venue not its int idvenue value. SQLite C API Functions There are many functions but we only need a handful. The order of processing is: Open database with sqlite3_open(), exit if have error opening it.Prepare the SQL with sqlite3_prepare()Loop using slqite3_step() until no more records(In the loop) process each column with sqlite3_column...Finally call sqlite3_close(db) Theres an optional step after calling sqlite3_prepare where any passed in parameters are bound but well save that for a future tutorial. So in the program listed below the pseudo code for the major steps are: The sql returns three values so if sqlite3.step() SQLITE_ROW then the values are copied from the appropriate column types. Ive used int and text. I display the date as a number but feel free to convert it to a date.​ Listing of Example Code

The American Navy in The War Of 1812 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The American Navy in The War Of 1812 - Essay Example In fact, the war of 1812 broke out because Britain, France, Naples, Spain, and the Netherlands were all engaged in capturing more and more American ships and the number of captured American ships over the thirty year period from the Revolutionary War to 1812 was nearly 1500. That means an average of more than 30 ships in a year. It seems that they were all trying to exploit the vulnerability of the first democratic nation in the world that was young in all stages of development. It was this situation that made America declare war against Britain despite its much smaller Navy as compared to that of Britain. At this juncture, it seems useful to look into the history of the most prominent figures of the 1812 war. One of them was Isaac Hull who was the commander of USS Constitution. Admittedly, USS Constitution was a well-built ship, and it increased the number of guns on board to 50 during the war under the guidance of Hull. As a result of its better hull strength, broadside weight, and better gun power, the USS Constitution under the command of Hull effectively withstood the British attack, and returned heavier firepower, thus resulting in considerable loss to the British Navy. In August 1812, the USS Constitution captured the British Guerriere’s with this superior firepower. Another such prominent figure was Master Commander Oliver Hazzard Perry who was sent to face the British in control of Lake Erie. The British had better guns and bigger and stronger ships as compared to the vessels in the US fleet.

The presidency of Andrew Jackson and the Bank War Research Paper

The presidency of Andrew Jackson and the Bank War - Research Paper Example However, renewal of character could still be possible after the then current charter could expire in the year 1836. Thus to prevent this he rolled out a strategy that was aimed at crippling the bank economically. While acting against the advice of the Congress and cabinet members, President Andrew replaced resistant Secretaries to the Treasury and ordered that federal funds should be deposited into other banks other than the second bank of the United States. Following the president’s directive, the second bank’s president made a countermove in the economy to let people feel the need for the second Bank of America. By so doing, Nicholas Biddle the central bank president created a financial crisis that led to heated debate in the Congress, the press and the public. Businessmen being the most affecting, protested, asking the president and the bank’s management to end the bank war (Rothbard, 510). After people had learned of the dangers of the central bank, there were minimal needs for the renewal of the charter, hence leading to its closer in the year 1836 which was a victory for President Andrew